N. KOROLEV, R. STOLIAROVA. The Experience of the Proletariat Revolution of 1919 in Hungary and Leninism

The article analyzes the experience of the proletarian revolution of 1919 in Hungary. The authors illustrate the significance of the Hungarian experience for the development of the Marxist-Leninist teaching on the Communist Party and its leading role in the socialist revolution and socialist construction, on the dictatorship of the proletariat and its constructive functions, on the alliance formed by the working class with the non-proletarian segments of the labouring people, first and foremost with the peasantry. The article also examines such problems as the correlation of peaceful and non-peaceful means in a revolution, the part played by proletarian internationalism in the struggle against the counter-revolution and in upholding the socialist gains.

N. S. RAISKY. The Consistent Efforts Made by the U.S.S.R. to Secure Fulfilment of the Decisions on Poland Adopted by the Crimea Conference in 1945 (February-June 1945)

The article highlights the consistent efforts made by the U.S.S.R. to secure stringent observance of the Crimea Conference decisions concerning the reorganization of the Polish Republic's Provisional Government, laying special emphasis on the Soviet Union's initiatives aimed at heightening the international prestige of the new people's state. By rendering all-round assistance to the organs of people's government in Poland, the Soviet Union effectively countered the attempts of the ruling circles in the U.S.A. and Great Britain to circumvent the decisions of the Crimea Conference. The Soviet policy accorded with the fundamental interests of the working people of Poland and sought to promote the development of friendly relations between the two countries, thus making for the continued strengthening of security in Europe, stabilization and further consolidation of Poland's western frontiers and the safeguarding of peace.

P. L. SEDOV. The Soviet Union's Economic Relations with the Countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America Before the Second World War

The article analyzes the content and specific forms of the Soviet Union's economic co-operation with Afro-Asian and Latin American countries in the 1920's and 1930's. The author arrives at the conclusion that in the prewar years the Soviet Union's economic relations with the countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America attained a considerable degree of development and were based on principles sharply differing from those practised by the capitalist states. The experience of these relations proved very useful for the development of extensive economic contacts between the U.S.S.R. and the developing countries in the postwar period. The factual material cited in the article effectively refutes the fabrications of bourgeois authors who are doing their utmost to present the Soviet Union's relations with Afro-Asian and Latin American countries prior to World War II in a distorted light.

M. N. PETROV. The Emergence and Disintegration of the Socialist-Revolutionary Minority Party

The article is devoted to the history of the Socialist-Revolutionary Minority Party (SRMP), whose emergence at the beginning of 1919 was directly attributable to the dissatisfaction of the middle peasants and the rank-and-file members of the Right-wing Socialist-Revolutionary Party with the counter-revolutionary policy pursued by its leadership. The SRMP agreed to co-operate with Soviet power notwithstanding the fact that its leaders did not share many aspects of the home policy pursued by the Russian

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Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and the Soviet government. The waverings and vacillations so typical of petty-bourgeois democracy eventually led to a split within the SRMP. Some of its members joined the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks), while others once again gave their backing to the counter-revolutionary tactics of the Central Committee of the Socialist- Revolutionary Party. Divorcement from the masses and inner-party squabbles brought on the collapse of the SRMP, and this organization ceased to exist in the opening months of 1922.

G. V. ALFEROVA, V. A. KHARLAMOV. Kiev Fortifications in the Second Half of the 17th Century

Drawing on a number of archive documents which appear in scientific literature for the first time, the authors trace the progress of work designed to strengthen the defences of Kiev in the second half of the 17th century. They establish that the period from 1654 to 1672 witnessed the repair of the city's ramshackle wooden fortifications. The radical reconstruction of the latter, namely the pulling down of the old wooden fortress and replacing it with a new, earthen one, was started in 1673. The work of reconstruction was carried out according to drawings, sketches and estimates, in conformity with the long-established traditions existing in the Russian state. As a result of reconstruction, the defensive capacity of Kiev towards the close of the 17th century was brought into conformity with the requirements of military science of that period.

S. A. SERAYEV. Co-operation of Small Farmers in the Republic of Cuba.

As distinct from the U.S.S.R. and some other socialist countries, the restructuring of the system of farming along socialist lines in the Republic of Cuba began with the creation of a powerful state sector in agriculture. Parallel with this sector there exists a considerable number of small and middle farmers in Cuban agriculture. At its First Congress in 1975 the Communist Party of Cuba adopted a decision steadfastly to pursue a policy of uniting small peasant farms in agricultural producing co-operatives side by side with integrating their land into state farms. The appropriate material, technical, social and political prerequisites have been created in the Republic of Cuba for the voluntary and gradual production co-operation of the mass of small farmers.

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